Urban well-being refers to the integral state of physical, mental, and social health of individuals in relation to the urban environment they inhabit. This concept integrates environmental, spatial, social, and perceptual factors, recognizing that the quality of urban design, access to nature, mobility, and social cohesion directly influence quality of life in the city.

World Health Organization. (2016). Urban green spaces and health: A review of evidence. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe.

Biophilia is the hypothesis that human beings possess an innate affinity for nature and other forms of life. This evolutionary predisposition influences the way we perceive and experience the built environment, fostering physical and psychological well-being when spaces integrate natural elements such as vegetation, water, natural light, or landscape views.

Wilson, E. O. (1984). Biophilia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.